Voice Adaptation Rules and Profiles
Number adaptation occurs several times during the alarm acquisition process. In both the originating
and absolute gateways, the admission alarm is translated afore an entering dial
peer is matched, afore an outbound punch associate is matched, and afore a alarm appeal is set
up. Your punch plan should annual for these adaptation accomplish back adaptation rules are
defined.
Digit adaptation is a two-step agreement process. First, the adaptation aphorism is defined
at the all-around level. Then, the aphorism is activated at the dial-peer akin either as entering or outbound
translation on either the alleged or calling number. Adaptation rules additionally catechumen a
telephone cardinal into a altered cardinal afore the alarm is akin to an entering dial
peer or afore the outbound punch associate assiduously the call. For example, an agent might
dial a five-digit addendum to ability addition agent of the aforementioned aggregation at another
site. If the alarm is baffled through the PSTN to ability the added site, the basic gateway
might use adaptation rules to catechumen the five-digit addendum into the ten-digit format
that is accustomed by the axial appointment (CO) switch.
A adaptation aphorism ability dispense a calling affair cardinal (Automatic Number
Identification (ANI)) or a alleged affair cardinal (DNIS) for incoming, outgoing, and redirected
calls aural voice-enabled gateways.
You can additionally use adaptation rules to change the calculation blazon for a call. For example,
some gateways ability tag a cardinal with added than 11 digits as an all-embracing number,
even back the user charge punch 9 to ability an alfresco line. In this case, the cardinal that is
tagged as an all-embracing cardinal needs to be translated into a civic number, without
the 9, afore it is beatific to the PSTN.
Voice-translation rules ability ascertain up to 15 rules that accommodate Stream EDitor (SED)-like
expressions (that is, agnate to expressions acclimated with the UNIX Stream EDitor utility) for
processing the alarm translation. A best of 128 adaptation rules are supported. These
translation rules are aggregate into profiles that are referenced by block groups, punch peers,
source IP groups, articulation ports, and interfaces.
The articulation adaptation rules are associated with a articulation adaptation profile, which can reference
up to three articulation adaptation rules:
■ A articulation adaptation aphorism that is acclimated to dispense the alleged cardinal (that is, the
DNIS)
■ A articulation adaptation aphorism that is acclimated to dispense the calling cardinal (that is, the
ANI)
■ A articulation adaptation aphorism that is acclimated to dispense the redirected alleged cardinal (that
is, the Redirected Dialed Cardinal Identification Account (RDNIS))
The consistent voice-translation contour can be absorbed to these:
■ VoIP punch peers
■ Articulation ports
■ Any entering VoIP call
■ A specific ambit of antecedent IP addresses in VoIP calls
■ A block group
■ A T1/E1 ambassador that is acclimated for Nonfacility Associated Signaling (NFAS) trunks
■ Survivable Remote Armpit Telephony (SRST)
Each of these can advertence two articulation adaptation profiles: one for admission calls and one
for approachable calls. You can use the articulation translation-rule command to actualize the definition
of a adaptation rule.
Figure 7-9 illustrates the abstraction of articulation adaptation profiles and rules. Anniversary articulation translation
rule can accept up to 15 alone subrules. The articulation adaptation aphorism is again referenced
by a articulation adaptation contour for called, calling, and redirected alleged number. Note
that the aforementioned articulation adaptation aphorism can be referenced by assorted articulation adaptation profiles.
Up to 128 articulation adaptation rules are accurate in a Cisco IOS gateway.
Chapter 7: Configuring Advanced Punch Plans 381
Profile
Called Rule
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
Rule
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
Rule
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
Calling
Redirected
Called
Incoming
Outgoing
VoIP Punch Peer
Voice Port
VoIP Incoming
Source IP Group
Trunk Group
NFAS
SRST
Figure 7-9 Articulation Adaptation Rules and Profiles
Note Although you can accept up to 15 subrules aural a articulation adaptation rule, the first
matching aphorism will be applied, and no added subrules will be considered.
Voice adaptation rules use approved expressions for match-and-replace operations. The
syntax is actual agnate to the UNIX SED tool. Table 7-1 describes the best important regular
expressions available.
Table 7-1 Approved Expressions for Articulation Adaptation Rules
Voice Translation
Rule Appearance Description
^ Bout the announcement at the alpha of a line.
$ Bout the announcement at the end of the line.
/ Delimiter that marks the alpha and end of both the analogous and replacement
strings.
\\ Escape the adapted acceptation of the abutting character.
- Indicates a ambit back not in the first/last position. Acclimated with the “[” and
“]” characters.
[list] Bout a distinct appearance in a list.
[^list] Do not bout a distinct appearance authentic in the list.
. Bout any distinct character.
* Repeat the antecedent approved announcement (regex) aught or added times.
+ Repeat the antecedent approved announcement one or added times.
? Repeat the antecedent approved announcement aught or one time (use CTRL-V to
enter in Cisco IOS, because Cisco IOS interprets a “?” appearance as a
request for context-sensitive help).
() Groups approved expressions.
Understanding Approved Expressions in Adaptation Rules
It is important that you accept how approved expressions are acclimated in adaptation rules.
When the router evaluates a adaptation rule, it is absolutely alone assuming a “match this”
and “change to this” operation on the regex.
Consider the afterward example, as illustrated in Figure 7-10.
382 Authorized Self-Study Guide Cisco Articulation over IP (CVOICE)
Figure 7-10 Approved Expressions in Adaptation Rules
To added allegorize the agreement of adaptation rules, accede the following:
■ This aphorism will be acclimated to change the approachable DNIS to a ten-digit cardinal for routing
across the PSTN. The aphorism will be activated approachable on an interface, port, or punch peer.
Router(config)#voice translation-rule PSTN-out
Router(config)#rule 1 /1.../ /4085551.../
■ This aphorism will be acclimated to change the admission ANI to a four-digit cardinal afterwards routing
across the PSTN. The aphorism will be activated admission on an interface, port, or dial
peer.
Router(config)#voice translation-rule PSTN-in
Router(config)#rule 1 /4085551... / /1.../
Table 7-2 illustrates the bout and alter rules for these rules.
Table 7-2 Bout and Alter Table
Rule Bout This Change To
/1.../ /4085551.../ 1... 4085551...
/408553.../ /1.../ /4085551.../ /1.../
What if you bare to prepend a 9 to all approachable calls? It would not be achievable to use
individual adaptation rules for anniversary cardinal because of the cardinal of rules needed. For
example:
rule 1 /4085550100/ /95125550100/
rule 2 /4085550101/ /95125550101/
rule 3 /4085550102/ /95125550102/
Chapter 7: Configuring Advanced Punch Plans 383
This regex aphorism 1 /1…//4085551…/ says
match 1… and change to 4085551…
User dials 1001 to
reach a San Jose
extension but has
to go through the PSTN.
1XXX
PSTN-Out
V V
PSTN
Austin San Jose
WAN
PSTN-In
The band-aid would be application variables, as apparent in Figure 7-11. Adaptation aphorism expressions
can be disconnected into sections by application an escape appearance to actualize variables. The
regex escape appearance is the “\\” symbol.
384 Authorized Self-Study Guide Cisco Articulation over IP (CVOICE)
User dials
512 555-0101
to reach
a PSTN phone.
V
PSTN
512...
rule 1 / \\(^[2-9].........\\)//9\\1/
\\ = Escape Character
\\1
Gateway needs to
add a 9 to route
through the PSTN.
Figure 7-11 Prepending Digits
You ability use the afterward adaptation aphorism to prepend a 9 to approachable calls for routing
through the PSTN:
rule 1 /\\(^[2-9].........\\)/ /9\\1/
This aphorism would prepend a 9 to whatever was akin in the aboriginal set of departure (\\1);
in added words, alter \\1 with ^[2-9]......... and add a 9 to the beginning.
Search and Alter with Articulation Adaptation Rules Example
Table 7-3 shows how articulation adaptation rules accomplish search-and-replace operations that
use articulation adaptation rules.
Table 7-3 Examples of Articulation Adaptation Rules
Rule Ascribe Cord Output String
/^9/ // 914085550123 14085550123
/^2001/ /3001/ 2001 3001
/^[23]…/ /4000/ 2025 or 3051 4000
/^2…/ /801&/ 2001 8012001
/^2…/ /801\\0/ 2001 8012001
/\\(9\\)\\([^10].*\\)/ /\\11408\\2/ 95551234 914085551234
/.*/ /91&/ blazon civic civic 3125552001 blazon civic 913125552001 blazon national
The archetype illustrated in Figure 7-12 shows a circuitous search-and-replace operation in
which this aphorism is configured:
rule 1 /\\(9\\)\\([^10].*\\)/ /\\11408\\2/
Chapter 7: Configuring Advanced Punch Plans 385
\\(9\\) \\([^01].*\\) \\1 1408 \\2
9 5550134 9 1408 5550134
/ / / /
Search Replace
Input Output
Translation Rule: / \\(9\\)\\([^01].*\\)/ / \\11408\\2/
Figure 7-12 Articulation Adaptation Aphorism Search-and-Replace
This archetype would be acceptable for prepending a continued ambit 1 and an breadth cipher to a
dialed cardinal departure the arrangement via the PSTN and accessing a long-distance subscriber.
The user would be dialing a 9 additional seven digits to admission alfresco numbers.
This is how the operation gain if the ascribe cord 95550134 is used:
■ The 9 is reinserted application the \\1.
■ It is followed by the digits 1408.
■ Again 5550134 follows, which is referenced by the \\2.
■ The consistent cord is 914085550134.
Note The aboriginal set of departure is referenced as \\1 and the additional set as \\2.
Voice Adaptation Profiles
Voice adaptation profiles acquaint a new arrangement to construe numbers. The earlier translation
rules are to be gradually phased out of Cisco IOS. Cisco acerb recommends you
use alone one arrangement of adaptation rules. If you mix the old and new schemes, you can
have abrupt results. Axial to the new arrangement is the adequacy to accomplish regular
expression matches and alter substrings. The SED account is acclimated to construe numbers.
You can ascertain these types of alarm numbers in a adaptation profile:
■ called: Defines the adaptation contour aphorism for the alleged number
■ calling: Defines the adaptation contour aphorism for the calling number
■ redirect-called: Defines the adaptation contour aphorism for the redirect-called number
Each blazon of alarm cardinal in the contour can accept altered adaptation rules.
After a adaptation contour is defined, it can be referenced by the following:
■ Block group: Two altered adaptation profiles can be authentic in a block accumulation to
perform cardinal adaptation for admission and approachable POTS calls. If an outgoing
translation contour is authentic in a block group, the cardinal adaptation is done while
the approachable alarm is set up.
■ Antecedent IP group: A adaptation contour can be authentic in a antecedent IP accumulation to perform
number adaptation for admission VoIP calls.
■ Punch peer: Two altered adaptation profiles can be authentic in a punch associate to perform
number adaptation for admission and approachable calls.
■ Articulation port: The adaptation contour can be authentic in a articulation anchorage to accomplish number
translation for admission and approachable POTS calls. If a articulation anchorage is additionally a trunk
group member, the admission adaptation contour of a articulation anchorage overrides the translation
profile of a block group.
■ NFAS interface: The adaptation contour can be authentic for an NFAS interface
through the translation-profile command from the all-around articulation account pots configuration
to accomplish the cardinal adaptation for admission and approachable NFAS calls. This
translation contour has a college antecedence than the adaptation contour of a articulation port
and block accumulation in case a approach additionally belongs to a articulation anchorage and/or block group
with the adaptation contour defined.
■ VoIP incoming: The adaptation contour can be authentic globally for all admission VoIP
(H.323/SIP) calls to accomplish cardinal translation. If an admission H.323/SIP alarm is
associated with a antecedent IP accumulation with a adaptation contour defined, the translation
profile of the antecedent IP accumulation overrides the all-around adaptation contour for incoming
VoIP calls.
Translation Contour Processing
The adjustment in which adaptation profiles are candy depends on area the contour is
applied. Table 7-4 indicates the adjustment in which articulation adaptation profiles will be
processed.
Table 7-4 Adaptation Contour Order
Applied Processing Order
Inbound Outbound
Voice port/NFAS 1 4
Trunk group/Source IP 2 3
Global 3 1
Dial associate 4 2
386 Authorized Self-Study Guide Cisco Articulation over IP (CVOICE)
Voice Adaptation Contour Search-and-Replace Example
The archetype illustrated in Figure 7-13 shows a search-and-replace articulation translation
profile.
Chapter 7: Configuring Advanced Punch Plans 387
PSTN-IN
Called Aphorism 1
Calling Aphorism 2
Redirected
Called
1 /^4085552/ /2/
3 /^.*/ /9011&/ blazon all-embracing international
2 /^.*/ /91&/ blazon civic national
1 /^.*/ /9&/ blazon subscriber subscriber
Figure 7-13 Articulation Adaptation Contour Search-and-Replace Example
A articulation adaptation contour is adapted to accomplish these manipulations:
■ The admission DNIS 4085552XXX should be adapted to 2XXX.
■ The admission ANI should be prefixed with the adapted PSTN admission cipher and
identifier:
■ Local calls: Prefix 9
■ Civic calls: Prefix 91
■ All-embracing calls: Prefix 9011
Following are the accomplish you booty to configure the adaptation profile:
Step 1. Actualize a adaptation aphorism to dispense the alleged (DNIS) number.
Router(config)#voice translation-rule 1
Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 1 /^4085552/ /2/
Step 2. Actualize a adaptation aphorism to dispense the calling (ANI) number.
Router(config)#voice translation-rule 2
Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 1 /^.*/ /9&/ blazon subscriber
subscriber
Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 2 /^.*/ /91&/ blazon national
national
Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 3 /^.*/ /9011&/ blazon international
international
Step 3. Apply the rules to a adaptation profile.
Router(config)#voice translation-profile pstn-in
Router(cfg-translation-profile)#translate alleged 1
Router(cfg-translation-profile)#translate calling 2
Step 4. Accommodate the adaptation contour aural a dial-peer definition.
Router(config)#dial-peer articulation 111 POTS
Router(config-dial-peer)#translation-profile admission pstn-in
Example 7-11 shows the complete configuration, which was ahead described.
Example 7-11 Articulation Contour Example
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Router(config)#voice translation-rule 1
Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 1 /^4085552/ /2/
Router(config-translation-rule)#exit
Router(config)#voice translation-rule 2
Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 1 /^.*/ /9&/ blazon subscriber subscriber
Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 2 /^.*/ /91&/ blazon civic national
Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 3 /^.*/ /9011&/ blazon international
international
Router(config-translation-rule)#exit
Router(config)#voice translation-profile pstn-in
Router(cfg-translation-profile)#translate alleged 1
Router(cfg-translation-profile)#translate calling 2
The afterward action describes an entering PSTN alarm example:
1. A PSTN user dials 1 408 555-2001 from 312 555-0123.
2. The aperture accepts the alarm and modifies the DNIS and ANI. The rule
/^4085552/ /2/ modifies the DNIS to 2001, and the aphorism /^.*/ /91&/ blazon national
national modifies the ANI to 913125550123.
3. The buzz rings.
Voice Adaptation Contour Alarm Blocking Example
The afterward example, as illustrated in Figure 7-14, shows a articulation adaptation profile
used for alarm blocking.
The alone advantage for alarm blocking is in the admission direction. From the angle of
the gateway, the admission administration can be either of these:
■ Admission from a telephony accessory anon absorbed to a articulation anchorage on the gateway
toward the aperture itself
■ Admission by way of an entering VoIP alarm from a associate gateway
Following are the accomplish you booty to configure alarm blocking:
Step 1. Ascertain a adaptation aphorism with a adios keyword.
Router(config)#voice translation-rule 1
Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 1 adios /408555*/
Figure 7-14 Articulation Adaptation Contour Call-Blocking Example
Step 2. Apply the aphorism to a adaptation contour for calling numbers.
Router(config)#voice adaptation contour block
Router(cfg-translation-profile)#translate calling 1
Step 3. Accommodate the adaptation contour aural a dial-peer definition.
Router(config)#dial-peer articulation 111 POTS
Router(config-dial-peer)#call-block translation-profile admission block
Router(config-dial-peer)#call-block disconnect-cause admission invalidnumber
In this call-blocking example, the aperture blocks any admission alarm that successfully
matches entering dial-peer 111 and has a calling cardinal that starts with 408555. A component
of the alarm block command is the adequacy to acknowledgment a abstract cause. These
values accommodate call-reject, invalid-number, unassigned-number, and user-busy. When
dial-peer 111 matches a dialed cord starting with 408555, it will adios the alarm and
return a abstract account of “invalid number” to the antecedent of the call.
Example 7-12 shows the complete configuration, which was ahead described.
Example 7-12 Alarm Block Example
Chapter 7: Configuring Advanced Punch Plans 389
BLOCK
Called
Calling Aphorism 1
Redirected
Called
1 adios /408555*
Router(config)#voice translation-rule 1
Router(config-translation-rule)#rule 1 adios /408555*/
Router(config-translation-rule)#exit
Router(config)#voice adaptation contour block
Router(cfg-translation-profile)#translate calling 1
Router(cfg-translation-profile)#exit
Router(config)#dial-peer articulation 111 pots
Router(config-dial-peer)#call-block translation-profile admission block
Router(config-dial-peer)#call-block disconnect-cause admission invalid-number