The TCP/IP Protocol Layers
The IP Packet Header
IP Addresses
ARP
ICMP
The Host-to-Host Layer
The purpose of this chapter is to examine the details of the protocols that enable, control, or contribute to
the routing of TCP/IP, not to do an in-depth study of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Several books on the
recommended reading list at the end of the chapter cover the subject in depth. Read at least one.
Conceived in the early 1970s by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn, TCP/IP and its layered protocol architecture
predates the ISO's OSI reference model. A brief review of TCP/IP's layers will be useful in understanding
how the various functions and services examined in this chapter interrelate.