All Cisco-Network Study Notes: Token Arena VLANs

Token Arena VLANs

This area discusses VLANs as they are activated to Token Arena networks. Alone the Catalyst

5000 and the Catalyst 3900 switches abutment Token Ring—both appliance CLI-based commands.

Recall from the altercation in Affiliate 3, “Basic About-face and Anchorage Configuration,” the basic

topology of Token Arena networks. End stations are affiliated to multistation admission units

(MSAUs), which interconnect with added MSAUs to anatomy a ring. Assorted rings can be

interconnected by bridges for analysis and anatomy forwarding appliance source-route bridging

and the RIF information. Amount 4-11 shows a archetypal Token Arena arrangement with two rings and

a source-route arch in the larboard half. The appropriate bisected of the amount shows a agnate network

topology with three rings and a source-route bridge, appliance the Token Arena switching features

of Catalyst switches. The functionality of rings and bridges are performed aural the switches,

using Token Arena switching functions.

Example 4-4 Enabling VTP Pruning

Switch(enable) set vtp pruning enable

Switch(enable) bright vtp pruneeligible 5-10

Switch(enable) set vtp pruneeligible 6

Example 4-5 appearance vtp area Command Achievement Displays VTP Pruning Cachet on a About-face and Its VLANs

Switch> appearance vtp domain

Domain Name Area Index VTP Adaptation Bounded Approach Password

-------------------------------- ------------ ----------- ----------- ----------

accounting 1 2 server -

Vlan-count Max-vlan-storage Config Revision Notifications

---------- ---------------- --------------- -------------

3 1023 2 disabled

Last Updater V2 Approach Pruning PruneEligible on Vlans

--------------- -------- -------- -------------------------

172.16.4.1 disabled enabled 6,11-2000

Switch>

Token Arena VLANs 127

Figure 4-11 Token Arena Networks: Traditional and Switched

Token Arena switching follows the aforementioned topology, but performs the assorted functions aural the

switch. Area groups of end stations are affiliated by MAUs in a ring, the IEEE has defined

the Concentrator Broadcast Action (CRF). The action of a multiport arch to connect

individual rings is authentic as the Arch Broadcast Action (BRF). These functions as performed

by Catalyst switches are added declared in the sections that follow.

TrBRF

A Catalyst about-face connects analytic Token Arena Concentrator Broadcast Functions (TrCRFs) with a

logical multiport bridge, or Token Arena Arch Broadcast Action (TrBRF). In the bureaucracy of

bridged Token Rings, anniversary TrCRF charge be affiliated to a ancestor TrBRF. The hierarchical

structure of Token Arena VLANs is apparent in the appropriate bisected of Amount 4-11.

By default, the TrBRF interconnects alone TrCRFs amid on the bounded switch. However, if

trunking is acclimated with ISL encapsulation, the TrBRF can extend to TrCRFs amid on other

Catalyst switches.

Each TrBRF exists as a appropriate VLAN aural a Catalyst switch. A about-face can abutment many

TrBRFs, but alone one VLAN can be assigned to anniversary TrBRF. By default, one TrBRF is defined

as “trbrf-default” on VLAN 1005. Anniversary TrBRF can accomplish as either a source-route bridge

Source route

bridge

Ring A Arena B

Ring A

ports

Ring B

ports

Ring C

ports

Token Arena switching with

Catalyst switches

Traditional

Token Ring

bridging

TrCRF

TrBRF

128 Affiliate 4: VLANs and Trunking

(SRB), a source-route cellophane (SRT) bridge, or both as a alloyed mode. Additionally, each

TrBRF runs a abstracted instance of either the IBM or IEEE Spanning-Tree Protocol to prevent

bridging loops. The Spanning-Tree Protocol is covered in Affiliate 5.

NOTE To actualize and use Token Arena VLANs, VTP adaptation 2 charge be enabled on all Catalyst switches

in the Token Arena domain. Enabling VTP adaptation 2 was discussed in the antecedent “VTP

Configuration” section.

To ascertain a TrBRF on a Catalyst switch, use the afterward command:

Switch(enable) set vlan vlan-num [name name] blazon trbrf arch bridge-num [stp

{ieee | ibm}]

The alone two appropriate fields for a TrBRF are the VLAN cardinal and the arch number. Bridge

numbers are authentic by a distinct byte value, as a hexadecimal cardinal from 0x1 to 0xf. The

default Spanning-Tree Protocol is ibm. Notice that the blazon of bridging is not authentic with the

TrBRF, although the TrBRF performs the absolute bridging function. Instead, the blazon of bridging

is authentic at the TrCRF. This way, assorted TrCRFs can be affiliated by a distinct ancestor TrBRF,

each bridged with the adapted method.

TrCRF

In a Catalyst switch, alone Token Arena ports can be affiliated to a analytic ring, or Token

Ring VLAN, by allotment them with identical arena numbers. Internally, the Catalyst performs

the TrCRF to advance the arena connectivity. Anatomy forwarding amid ports on a common

ring is performed with source-route switching, appliance either MAC addresses or route

descriptors.

The TrCRF can be bedfast aural a distinct about-face or can be advance beyond mutliple switches,

depending on the cartography and about-face configuration. Back a TrCRF is independent completely

within a switch, it is referred to as an undistributed TrCRF. However, a TrCRF can be distributed

across assorted switches if ISL trunking is enabled amid switches and TrCRFs with identical

VLAN numbers are defined.

By default, one TrCRF is authentic on every Catalyst about-face as “trcrf-default” on VLAN 1003.

The absence TrCRF is additionally assigned to the absence TrBRF on VLAN 1005. If ISL trunking is in

use, every Token Arena anchorage on every about-face will be authentic to the aforementioned advertisement TrCRF.

Because alone one TrBRF is authentic by default, no bridging will occur. Instead, source-route

switching will be performed to advanced frames amid about-face ports aural the TrCRF.

To ascertain a TrCRF on a Catalyst switch, use the afterward command:

Switch(enable) set vlan vlan-num [name name] blazon trcrf

{ring hex-ring-num | decring decimal-ring-num} ancestor vlan-num

Token Arena VLANs 129

Both the arena cardinal and the ancestor VLAN cardinal charge be authentic to ascertain a TrCRF. The

ring cardinal can be authentic as a hexadecimal amount of 0x1 to 0xfff with the arena option, or as a

decimal amount of 1 to 4095 with the decring option. The ancestor VLAN cardinal charge bout the

VLAN cardinal assigned to the ancestor TrBRF.

On the Catalyst 5000, a distinct TrCRF can be advertisement beyond assorted switches. To enable

this feature, use the set tokenring distrib-crf accredit command.

After a TrCRF VLAN has been created, about-face ports can be assigned to it. As with Ethernet

switching, use the afterward command to accredit ports to a VLAN:

Switch(enable) set vlan vlan-num mod-num/port-num

To appearance the accepted Token Arena VLAN configuration, use the appearance vlan command. The output

of which is approved in Archetype 4-6.

Notice in this archetype that one TrBRF has been assigned to VLAN 800, and two TrCRFs to

VLANs 801 and 802. TrBRF on VLAN 800 shows the two alive TrCRFs. In the lower group

of achievement lines, the two TrCRFs on VLANs 801 and 802 appearance the ancestor TrBRF as 800 with

source-route bridging enabled. Even admitting the defaults are not actuality acclimated in this example, the

default TrBRF is listed as VLAN 1005, and the absence TrCRF is VLAN 1003, assigned to the

default TrBRF.

Example 4-6 appearance vlan Command Achievement Displays the Accepted Token Arena VLAN Configuration

Switch(enable) appearance vlan

VLAN Name Cachet Mod/Ports, Vlans

---- -------------------------------- --------- ----------------------------

1 absence alive 1/1-2

800 brf800 alive 801,802

801Floor_1 active

802Floor_2 active

1002 fddi-default active

1003 trcrf-default alive 2/1-16

1004 fddinet-default active

1005 trbrf-default alive 1003

VLAN Blazon SAID MTU Ancestor RingNo BrdgNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2

---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ ------ ---- -------- ------ ------

1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 0 0

800 trbrf 100800 4472 - - 0x2 ibm - 0 0

801 trcrf 100201 4472 800 0x01 - - srb 0 0

802 trcrf 100202 4472 800 0x02 - - srb 0 0

1002 fddi 101002 1500 - 0x0 - - - 0 0

1003 trcrf 101003 4472 1005 0xccc - - srb 0 0

1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - 0x0 ieee - 0 0

1005 trbrf 101005 4472 - - 0xf ibm - 0 0

130 Affiliate 4: VLANs and Trunking

TrCRF Redundancy

Catalyst switches additionally action a anatomy of back-up for Token Arena switching. Back two

switches are affiliated by a accepted TrBRF and ISL trunking is enabled, connectivity between

the TrCRFs in the switches could be disrupted if the ISL block articulation fails. A advancement TrCRF can

be acclimated to accommodate a advancement aisle in this case.

For anniversary TrBRF, a distinct advancement TrCRF can be authentic with a distinct anchorage from anniversary connected

switch. Alone one of the TrCRF ports will be alive at all times, while the added ports will be

disabled. If the ISL block articulation goes bottomward (along with the accepted TrBRF), the advancement TrCRF

links will appear up and canyon cartage amid switches. A advancement TrCRF is apparent in Amount 4-12.

The advancement TrCRF is aboriginal authentic on all switches, assigned to the TrBRF abutting the

switches, apparent as a advancement TrCRF, and again assigned to one anchorage on anniversary switch.

Figure 4-12 A Advancement TrCRF

To accredit a advancement TrCRF, aboriginal ascertain a TrCRF that spans amid switches. Again accredit one

port from anniversary about-face to the advancement TrCRF. Finally, use the set vlan vlan-num backupcrf on

command to accredit the advancement TrCRF function.

VTP and Token Arena VLANs

Using VTP in a Token Arena arrangement area will abridge VLAN administration, aloof as it does

for Ethernet. TrCRF advice will be advertisement to all switches in a administration domain.

TrBRF 1 TrBRF 1

TrCRF 901

(Ring 901)

TrCRF 900

(Ring 900)

Catalyst A Catalyst B

Backup TrCRF 902

(Ring 902)

ISL

Token Arena VLANs 131

As well, VTP pruning can additionally be performed on Token Arena VLANs. Both the absence TrBRF

(VLAN 1005) and the absence TrCRF (VLAN 1003) are consistently pruning ineligible. VTP pruning

is configured on a per-TrBRF basis. Back a TrBRF is fabricated pruning-eligible, all TrCRFs

connected to it are additionally fabricated pruning-eligible.

Duplicate Arena Protocol (DRiP)

Catalyst switches additionally accept a apparatus to adviser the use of TrCRFs or arena numbers within

a area of switches. The Alike Arena Protocol (DRiP) collects and maintains the cachet of

TrCRFs that are commutual by TrBRFs. This advice is acclimated for the following

purposes:

• Preventing alike arena numbers from actuality assigned to TrCRFs.

• Filtering All-Routes Explorer (ARE) frames from reentering TrCRFs that they have

already visited.

• Operating the advancement TrCRF action back an ISL block articulation goes down.

Every about-face accommodating in Token Arena switching sends a DRiP advertisement out

all ISL block ports every 30 seconds. Advertisements are beatific to multicast address

01:00:0C:CC:CC:CC and are beatific alone on the absence VLAN 1. Back a about-face receives the

multicast advertisements, the about-face does not advanced the advertisements on to added switches

over ISL links unless the advertisements accommodate new information. As well, a about-face compares

advertisements to the advice in its own configuration. If it detects that a TrCRF has already

been configured elsewhere, the bounded TrCRF agreement will be denied.

132 Affiliate 4: VLANs and Trunking

Foundation Summary

The Foundation Arbitrary is a accumulating of tables and abstracts that provides a acceptable review

of abounding key concepts in this chapter. For those of you already adequate with the capacity in

this chapter, this arbitrary could advice you anamnesis a few details. For those of you who aloof read

this chapter, this analysis should advice coalesce some key facts. For any of you accomplishing your final

preparation afore the exam, these tables and abstracts will hopefully be a acceptable way to

review the day afore the exam.

Figure 4-13 VTP Arbitrary Advertisement Format

Version

(1 byte)

Type

(Summary Adv)

(1 byte)

Number of subset

advertisements to

follow (1 byte)

Domain name length

(1 byte)

Management Area Name (zero-padded to 32 bytes)

Configuration Revision Cardinal (4 bytes)

Updater Identity (orginating IP address; 4 bytes)

Update Timestamp (12 bytes)

MD5 Digest assortment cipher (16 bytes)

Foundation Arbitrary 133

Figure 4-14 VTP Subset Advertisement and VLAN Info Field Formats

Figure 4-15 VTP Subset Appeal Format

Version

(1 byte)

Type

(Subset Adv)

(1 byte)

Subset sequence

number

(1 byte)

Domain name length

(1 byte)

Management Area Name (zero-padded to 32 bytes)

Configuration Revision Cardinal (4 bytes)

VLAN Info Field 1 (see below)

VLAN Info Field ...

VLAN Info Field N

0 1 2 3

Info Length

ISL VLAN ID

802.10 SAID

VLAN Name (padded with zeros to assorted of 4 bytes)

VTP VLAN Info Field

VTP Subset Advertisement

VLAN Status

VLAN Type

MTU Size

VLAN Name Length

Version

(1 byte)

Type

(Adv request)

(1 byte)

Reserved

(1 byte)

Domain name length

(1 byte)

Management Area Name (zero-padded to 32 bytes)

Starting advertisement to request

0 1 2 3

134 Affiliate 4: VLANs and Trunking

Table 4-2 VLAN Agreement Commands

Task IOS-Based Command CLI-Based Command

Create VLAN vlan database

vlan vlan-num name vlan-name

set vlan vlan-num [name name]

Assign anchorage to

VLAN

interface interface module/number

switchport approach access

switchport admission vlan vlan-num

set vlan vlan-num mod-num/port-list

Display VLANs appearance vlan appearance vlan

Configure block interface interface mod/port

switchport approach trunk

switchport block encapsulation

{isl | dot1q}

switchport block allowed

vlan abolish vlan-list

switchport block allowed

vlan add vlan-list

set block module/port [on | off |

desirable | auto | nonegotiate]

vlan-range [isl | dot1q | dot10 | lane

| negotiate]

clear block module/port vlan-range

Display trunks appearance interface mod/num switchport appearance trunk

Table 4-3 VTP Agreement Commands

Task IOS-Based Command CLI-Based Command

Configure VTP

domain

vlan database

vtp area domain-name

set vtp [domain domain-name]

Configure VTP approach vlan database

vtp area domain-name

vtp {server | applicant | transparent}

vtp countersign password

set vtp [domain domain-name]

[mode {server | applicant |

transparent}] [passwd password]

Configure VTP adaptation vlan database

vtp v2-mode

set vtp v2 enable

Display VTP cachet appearance vtp status

show vtp counters

show vtp domain

show vtp statistics

VTP pruning vtp pruning set vtp pruning enable

set vtp pruneeligible vlan-range

clear vtp pruneeligible vlan-range

Foundation Arbitrary 135

Table 4-4 Token Arena VLAN Agreement Commands

Task

IOS-Based

Command CLI-Based Command

Define TrBRF N/A set vlan vlan-num [name name] blazon trbrf

bridge bridge-num [stp {ieee | ibm}]

Define TrCRF N/A set vlan vlan-num [name name] blazon trcrf

{ring hex-ring-num | decring decimal-ringnum}

parent vlan-num

Enable advertisement TrCRF N/A set tokenring distrib-crf enable

Assign Token Arena ports

to TrCRF

N/A set vlan vlan-num mod-num/port-num

Enable advancement TrCRF N/A set vlan vlan-num backupcrf on

136 Affiliate 4: VLANs and Trunking

Q&A

The questions and scenarios in this book are added difficult than what you should acquaintance on

the absolute exam. The questions do not attack to awning added across or abyss than the exam;

however, they are advised to accomplish abiding that you apperceive the answer. Rather than acceptance you

to acquire the acknowledgment from clues hidden central the catechism itself, the questions claiming your

understanding and anamnesis of the subject. Questions from the “Do I Apperceive This Already?” quiz

from the alpha of the affiliate are again actuality to ensure that you accept baffled the

chapter’s affair areas. Hopefully, these questions will advice absolute the cardinal of assay questions

on which you attenuated your choices to two options and again guess.

The answers to these questions can be begin in Appendix A, on folio 477.

1 What is a VLAN? Back is it used?

______________________________________________________________________

2 Back a VLAN is configured on a Catalyst about-face port, in how abundant of the campus

network will the VLAN cardinal be altered and significant?

______________________________________________________________________

3 What are two types of VLANs, in agreement of spanning areas of the campus network?

______________________________________________________________________

4 What is the Catalyst CLI-based about-face command to configure ports 4/11 and 5/1 through

5/24 for VLAN 2?

______________________________________________________________________

Q&A 137

5 Generally speaking, what charge be configured (both about-face and end user device) for a portbased

VLAN?

_______________________________________________________________________

6 What is the absence VLAN on all ports of a Catalyst switch?

_______________________________________________________________________

7 What are the apparatus of a Token Arena VLAN?

_______________________________________________________________________

8 What is a block link?

_______________________________________________________________________

9 What methods of Ethernet VLAN anatomy identification can be acclimated on a Catalyst switch?

_______________________________________________________________________

10 What is the aberration amid these two trunking methods? How abounding bytes are added

to trunked frames for VLAN identification in anniversary method?

_______________________________________________________________________

11 What is the purpose of Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP)?

_______________________________________________________________________

138 Affiliate 4: VLANs and Trunking

12 What CLI-based commands are bare to configure a Catalyst about-face block anchorage 1/1 to

transport alone VLANs 100, 200–205, and 300 appliance IEEE 802.1Q? (Assume that trunking

is enabled and alive on the anchorage already.)

______________________________________________________________________

13 What VTP modes can a Catalyst about-face be configured for? Can VLANs be created in each

of the modes?

______________________________________________________________________

14 Two adjoining about-face block ports are set to auto approach with ISL trunking mode. What

will the consistent block approach become?

______________________________________________________________________

15 How abounding VTP administration domains can a Catalyst about-face participate in? How many

VTP servers can a administration area have?

______________________________________________________________________

16 What CLI-based command can be acclimated on a Catalyst about-face to verify absolutely what

VLANs will be transported over a block link?

______________________________________________________________________

17 What altitude charge abide for two Catalyst switches to be in the aforementioned VTP management

domains?

______________________________________________________________________

Q&A 139

18 What are the types of VTP letters or advertisements acclimated by Catalyst switches? What

field in these letters determines if a about-face should use and almanac VLAN abstracts in the

messages?

_______________________________________________________________________

19 What CLI-based command can be acclimated to configure a Catalyst about-face to become a VTP

server for the area “engineering”? The area should be anchored with the password

“secret123.”

_______________________________________________________________________

20 What is the purpose of VTP pruning?

_______________________________________________________________________

21 Which VLAN numbers are never acceptable for VTP pruning? Why?

_______________________________________________________________________

22 What commands can be acclimated to accomplish alone VLANs 300 and 400 acceptable for VTP pruning?

_______________________________________________________________________

23 What are the accomplish bare to authorize Token Arena switching with VLANs?

_______________________________________________________________________

140 Affiliate 4: VLANs and Trunking

Scenarios

Scenario 4-1

Consider the arrangement apparent in Amount 4-16 and acknowledgment the questions that follow.

Figure 4-16 Diagram for Scenario 4-1

1 What is the approach of the articulation amid Catalyst A and Catalyst B?

2 Now accept the arrangement ambassador types the command set block 1/1 nonegotiate on

Catalyst B. What will the articulation approach be now?

3 Catalyst B has been accustomed the command set block 1/1 on. What is the articulation approach now?

4 What is the approach of the articulation amid Catalyst A and Catalyst C?

5 Assume that all links amid Catalyst switches are in trunking mode, transporting

VLANs 1-1000. Can PC-2 ping PC-4?

6 Accept PC-1 begins to accomplish a advertisement storm. Area would the furnishings of this storm

be accomplished in this network? Consider both accessories and links. Will PC-4 accept the

broadcasts?

trunk

auto

trunk

auto

1/2 block on

1/1 block desirable

Catalyst C

SC0: VLAN 1

10.1.5.1

Catalyst A

SC0: VLAN 1

10.1.5.2

Catalyst B

SC0: VLAN 1

10.1.5.3

PC 1

VLAN 1

10.5.5.72

1/1 1/1

PC 2

VLAN 1

10.5.5.50

PC3

VLAN 1

10.5.5.100

PC 4

VLAN 2

10.1.100.17

All trunks carry

VLANS 1-1000

Scenario 4-2 141

Scenario 4-2

See the diagram apparent in Amount 4-17 and acknowledgment the questions that follow.

Figure 4-17 Diagram for Scenario 4-2

1 What is the approach of the articulation amid Catalyst A and Catalyst B?

2 Can Catalyst A ping Catalyst C? Can PC-1 ping PC-2? Why or why not?

3 Accept Catalyst B’s VTP area is now afflicted to “bermuda.” Can Catalyst A ping

Catalyst C?

4 Which Catalyst switches will accept a advertisement from PC-1?

5 Area will VLAN1 be pruned? Why?

6 Now accept Catalyst A is a VTP server, Catalyst C is a VTP client, and Catalyst B is

configured for VTP cellophane mode. All switches are in the “bermuda” management

domain. If VLAN14 is created on Catalyst A, which switches will additionally get VLAN14

created via VTP?

7 If VLAN15 is created on Catalyst B, what added switches will additionally actualize VLAN15 via

VTP?

8 If VLAN16 is created on Catalyst C, what will happen?

trunk on isI

Catalyst A

SC0: VLAN 1

Domain "bermuda"

Catalyst B

SC0: VLAN 1

Domain "triangle"

Catalyst C

SC0: VLAN 1

Domain "bermuda"

PC 1

VLAN 2

10.2.2.1

PC 2

VLAN 2

10.2.2.2

PC 3

VLAN 1

10.1.1.1

trunk auto isI block auto

dot1q

trunk desirable

dot1q

All trunks carry

VLANS 1-100

and

prune acceptable 1-1000

142 Affiliate 4: VLANs and Trunking

Scenarios Answers

Scenario Answers 4-1

1 The articulation is still an admission link, with no trunking accustomed because both switches are set

to auto mode. The switches are anniversary irenic cat-and-mouse for the added to admit trunking.

2 Trunking is still not established. Catalyst A is cat-and-mouse to be asked to trunk, and Catalyst

B is set to nonegotiate. Catalyst B will never try to accommodate trunking.

3 Trunking has assuredly been established.

4 Trunking. Catalyst A expects trunking on the link, while Catalyst C actively tries to

negotiate trunking.

5 No. The two PC accessories are affiliated to altered VLANs. After a router or Layer 3

device abutting the VLANs, no cartage will cantankerous amid them.

6 All hosts on VLAN1 (PC-1, PC-2, and PC-3) will acquaintance the advertisement storm. All

trunk links amid switches will carriage the advertisement frames. In addition, all switch

supervisor CPUs will accept and action the broadcasts, because anniversary about-face has its SC0

port assigned to VLAN1. (For this reason, it is recommended to assets VLAN1 for

management cartage only. User-generated broadcasts can afflict the about-face administrator to

the admeasurement that it can no best accumulate clue of its administration protocols like VTP, CDP, and

so forth. Instead, all user cartage should be kept off VLAN1.)

Scenario Answers 4-2

1 The articulation is still an admission link, with no trunking established. The two switches would have

negotiated trunking, but the switches are configured for altered VTP management

domains. Adjoining switches charge be in the aforementioned area for trunking to be negotiated.

2 Catalyst A can ping Catalyst B. The SC0 ports on both switches are configured for the

same VLAN. Because trunking has not been accustomed amid Catalyst A and Catalyst

B (due to area name conflicts), the articulation is still an admission link. Fortunately, the access

link has defaulted to VLAN1 so that the two SC0 ports on VLAN1 can communicate.

PC-1 cannot ping PC-2, however. Both PCs are in VLAN2, but VLAN2 is not being

transported amid switches because the block articulation has not been established.

3 Yes. Block links are now adjourned or accustomed amid all switches.

4 Catalyst A and Catalyst B. Because Catalyst C has no ports in VLAN2 (where PC-1

resides), VLAN2 will be pruned by Catalyst B and will not cantankerous the block articulation to

Catalyst C.

Scenario Answers 4-2 143

5 VLAN1 will not be pruned at all. Although VLAN1 is present on all switches, it is not

pruned because VLAN1 is disqualified for pruning by definition. Remember that VLAN1 is

usually acclimated for administration cartage and should be kept complete so that no switches become

isolated.

6 Alone Catalyst C will actualize VLAN14 in acknowledgment to VTP advertisements. Catalyst B

in cellophane approach will alone broadcast the VTP advice after interpreting the

information.

7 Alone Catalyst B will actualize VLAN15. Because it is in cellophane mode, no VLAN activity

will be advertised to added adjoining switches. However, Catalyst B is accustomed to create,

delete, and rename VLANs freely. These VLANs are cogent alone to the bounded switch.

8 Catalyst C will not acquiesce any VLANs to be created, unless they are abstruse from a VTP

server in the “bermuda” domain. Because it is in VTP applicant mode, no VLAN changes can

be performed from the console.

This affiliate covers the afterward capacity that you will charge to adept for the CCNP

Switching Exam:

• About-face Anchorage Aggregation with EtherChannel—The abstraction of aggregating, or

“bundling,” concrete ports into a distinct analytic articulation is discussed. Specifically, the

EtherChannel technology is presented.

• Spanning-Tree Protocol—This area discusses the operation of the Spanning-Tree

Protocol and its appliance to anticipate bridging loops in switched networks.

• Spanning-Tree Design—This area discusses architecture practices and performance

tuning technologies for the Spanning-Tree Protocol. In accession you will additionally learn

about the Catalyst commands all-important to configure the Spanning-Tree Protocol.

This area additionally presents the Catalyst appearance that accredit faster Spanning-Tree

convergence times and discusses the Spanning-Tree Protocol timer adjustments and

link failover mechanisms that are acclimated to tune the aggregation process.